Downscaling two versions of a general circulation model to estimate local hydroclimatic factors under climate change
نویسندگان
چکیده
The regional hydroclimatological effect of global climate change has been estimated and compared using a semi-empirical downscaling method with two versions (T21 and T42) of the general circulation model (GCM) developed at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Germany. The comparisons were performed with daily mean temperature and daily precipitation amounts for the continental climate of the state of Nebraska, USA. Both the T21 and the T42 versions resulted in an increase of daily mean temperature under a 2 x C02 climate. The magnitude of warming was substantially greater for T21 than for T42, except for February and June and at some stations in July where the T42 model suggested greater warming. Both GCMs resulted in a slight decrease in precipitation frequency and an increase in the amount of precipitation on wet days. Here, the T42 model again led to smaller changes. Different locations within Nebraska exhibited somewhat different temperature and precipitation responses with both GCM versions. Affinement d'échelle de deux versions d 'un modèle de circulation générale en vue d'estimer les effets locaux d 'une modification climatique Résumé L'effet hydroclimatique à l'échelle régionale d'une modification climatique à l'échelle planétaire a été estimé grâce à une méthode semi-empirique d'affinement d'échelle à partir des résultats de deux versions (T21 et T42) du modèle de circulation générale de l'Institut Météorologique Max Planck (Allemagne). Les résultats concernant les températures moyennes journalières et les précipitations journalières ont été comparés pour l'état du Nebraska (Etats Unis) dont le climat est continental. Les deux versions T21 et T42 prévoient une augmentation des températures moyennes journalières dans le cadre du climat résultant d'un doublement du C02 . L'amplitude du réchauffement est plus importante pour le modèle T21 que pour le modèle T42, à l'exception des mois de février et de juin ainsi que de juillet pour certaines stations pour lesquelles le modèle T42 prévoit un réchauffement plus important. Les deux modèles prévoient une légère diminution de la fréquence des précipitations et une augmentation des totaux pluviométriques des jours * on leave from Department of Meteorology, Eotvos Lorand University, Ludovika ter 2, 1083 Budapest, Hungary Open for discussion until 1 August 1996 118 I. Matyasovszky & I. Bogardi pluvieux. Ici encore le modèle T42 prévoit des modifications plus modérées. Différentes stations du Nebraska présentent des comportements différents selon la version du modèle de circulation générale utilisée.
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